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Active Ingredients

Niacinamide

烟酰胺

Also known as: Vitamin B3, Nicotinamide

Niacinamide structure
STRUCTURE Niacinamide · PubChem CID 936

What it does

  • Brightening and evening skin tone
  • Reducing sebum production and pore appearance
  • Strengthening skin barrier function
  • Anti-inflammatory effects
  • Improving skin texture

Effective concentration

Minimum 2% Optimal 4-5% Maximum Beneficial 10%

Higher concentrations (>10%) may cause flushing without additional benefit. 5% is optimal for most people.

Evidence

Strong evidence

Extensively studied with multiple RCTs supporting efficacy for hyperpigmentation, oil control, and barrier repair.

Skin types

Well suited for: Oily Combination Normal Dry

Well-tolerated by most skin types including sensitive skin.

Helps with

Dark Spots & Hyperpigmentation Acne & Breakouts Aging & Fine Lines Dullness Large Pores

Interactions

Note L-Ascorbic Acid

Old myth they cancel out. Modern research shows they can be used together safely.

Irritation potential
Low
Comedogenic rating
0 / 5
Pregnancy
Generally considered safe during pregnancy

Considered safe during pregnancy.

Good to know

One of the most versatile and well-researched skincare actives. Great for beginners.

References

Compound data from PubChem (U.S. National Library of Medicine).

Further reading

Selected peer-reviewed reviews on this ingredient, indexed by Europe PMC. Provided as background, not proof of any specific claim.

Related ingredients

3-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate Retinol Ascorbic Acid Tretinoin Ascorbyl Glucoside

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Educational information only — not medical advice. Always patch test and consult a dermatologist for skin concerns.