Mandelic Acid
扁桃酸
Also known as: AHA
What it does
- Gentle exfoliation
- Antibacterial
- Brightening
- Suitable for darker skin tones
Effective concentration
Minimum 5% Optimal 10%
Larger molecular size means slower penetration and less irritation.
Evidence
Moderate evidenceStudies support use for acne, melasma, and photoaging, especially in darker skin tones.
Skin types
Well suited for: Sensitive All Darker Skin Tones
Gentlest AHA due to large molecular weight.
Helps with
Acne & Breakouts Dark Spots & Hyperpigmentation Uneven Texture Dullness
Irritation potential
Low
Comedogenic rating
0 / 5
Pregnancy
Generally considered safe during pregnancy
Generally considered safe at low concentrations.
Good to know
Best AHA for beginners and those with darker skin tones (lower PIH risk). Always use SPF.
References
Compound data from PubChem (U.S. National Library of Medicine).
Further reading
- Biosynthesis Strategies and Application Progress of Mandelic Acid Based on Biomechanical Properties — Microorganisms (2025)
- Azelaic Acid: Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Applications — Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol (2024)
Selected peer-reviewed reviews on this ingredient, indexed by Europe PMC. Provided as background, not proof of any specific claim.
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Analyze a productEducational information only — not medical advice. Always patch test and consult a dermatologist for skin concerns.